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The main causes of frequent urination in women are mostly urinary tract infection and overactive bladder, and it may also be vaginitis, pregnancy (the bladder is compressed due to an enlarged uterus), bladder stones, pelvic floor muscle loss, and even ovarian cancer. It is estimated that 50% to 60% of women will experience at least one urinary tract infection in their lifetime, and one-third of them will experience one before the age of 24. Some patients need to be treated with antibiotics. Common causes of UTIs include: lack of hydration, long-term holding back or voiding, wiping from back to front after using the toilet, changes in the structure of the urinary system (such as pregnancy), chronic diseases that affect the immune system ( such as diabetes).<\/p>\n
Cystitis is also related to frequent urination. Common cystitis can be treated with antibiotics. However, if it recurs frequently or persists for a long time, it may be chronic interstitial cystitis. This disease is more likely to occur in young women. Because the inner wall of the patient's mucosa is damaged, urine irritants penetrate into the bladder muscle through the mucosal gap, stimulating chronic inflammation of the muscle. In severe patients, the bladder capacity is less than 100 ml, so that they often have the urge to urinate.<\/p>\n
Another main cause of frequent urination is overactive bladder, which is a functional cause. The patient is likely to have a medical condition affecting the muscles, nerves or tissues, such as a stroke, estrogen deficiency due to menopause, or extra pressure on the bladder due to being overweight. The patient's bladder will keep contracting on its own, often with the urge to urinate and frequent urination. Symptoms include urgency or protruding urge to defecate, sometimes leakage, or nocturia. In addition, excessive intake of caffeine, nicotine, artificial sweeteners and alcohol may also irritate the bladder wall and exacerbate frequent urination symptoms.<\/p>\n
Apart from frequent urination, nocturia is also quite disturbing. Generally speaking, within 6 to 8 hours of sleep, the urine produced by the kidneys will be thicker than during the day, so that we can sleep until dawn before urinating, but if we need to get up 2 times or more during sleep, it is nocturia. Nocturia due to excessive urine output is often related to drinking too much water or consuming caffeine and alcohol before going to bed. It may also be due to uncontrolled diabetes and diabetes insipidus. Some drugs can also cause nocturia. If the urine output is normal during the day, but nocturia symptoms occur, it is often related to diseases, such as decreased renal function or sleep apnea, and since nocturia can be caused by overactive bladder and urethritis, this problem is more common in women.<\/p>\n
Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Dr. Chan Wing Yin<\/p>\n