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Most cervical cancers are caused by persistent infection with one of the cancer-causing or high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), which can be transmitted sexually. Most infected people are asymptomatic, and some people's infection will be eliminated naturally. However, if the high-risk type of HPV is continuously infected, it can cause abnormal cell changes in the cervix. Most of the lesions will return to normal, but some will develop into cancer within a few years.<\/p>\n
Generally speaking, those who start having sex at a young age or have more sexual partners have a higher chance of developing cervical cancer. However, it should be noted that women who do not belong to the above categories can also develop pre-cancer or cancer cells due to HPV infection. Simply put, there is still a chance of getting infected even if it's just sex.<\/p>\n
Women who find abnormal bleeding in the lower body, such as bleeding between menstruation and menstruation, after sexual intercourse, or vaginal discharge of odorous substances, feel uncomfortable during sexual intercourse, etc., so that bleeding occurs again after menopause, should pay more attention. Although symptoms may be characteristic of some common or benign conditions, seek medical attention early. The doctor will perform colposcopy, partial or targeted biopsy, and cone biopsy as needed.<\/p>\n
Compared with other cancers, cervical cancer is one of the few cancers that can be effectively prevented by vaccines. Since HPV has been proven to be the main cause of cervical cancer, preventive injection of HPV vaccine (also known as cervical cancer vaccine) will prevent cervical cancer, as well as other cancers and diseases caused by HPV infection, such as sexually transmitted diseases Warts (commonly known as cauliflower) and so on.<\/p>\n
At present, there are 3 types of HPV vaccines registered in the Hong Kong market, namely bivalent vaccine, quadrivalent vaccine and 9-valent vaccine. The efficacy of these vaccines is most significant for women who have never been infected with HPV. In theory, the earlier the HPV vaccine is vaccinated, the stronger the resistance will be. As for women who have sex, the vaccine still has a certain effect. In addition, since both men and women have the opportunity to be infected with HPV virus, the medical community has recently recognized that if men can get the relevant vaccines as early as childhood, they can prevent their female partners from being infected in the future and reduce the spread of the virus in the community in the long run.<\/p>\n
Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Dr. Chan Wing Yin<\/p>\n