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What is a chocolate tumor? In fact, it refers to the appearance of cysts in the ovaries, fallopian tubes and pelvic peritoneum. Because it does not necessarily cause pain, it is often only discovered during a pre-pregnancy physical examination; when the cyst ruptures, the fluid inside will flow into the body cavity, causing severe pain and formation of adhesions (scar tissue).<\/p>\n
Endometrium is the lining of the uterus. Once it grows into organs or tissues outside the uterus, it is called endometriosis. Adhesions caused by endometriosis prevent eggs from passing through the fallopian tubes to reach the uterus for fertilization, thus reducing the chance of conception and even infertility. Less commonly, endometriosis occurs in other organs or locations such as the bladder or bowel.<\/p>\n
This disease can be inherited by families, and can also occur in any woman of childbearing age; patients are mostly 30 to 40 years old, unmarried or never given birth, and women who have given birth are less likely; the condition will improve with the patient's menopause. During the menstrual cycle, the endometrium will gradually thicken and congest. If the egg is not fertilized, the endometrium will decompose and peel off, forming menstruation. The endometrium that grows outside the uterus may swell and bleed, causing blood to flow into the body cavity, causing inflammation and pain. Adhesions may also form, affecting the normal functioning of organs.<\/p>\n
The medical community has not yet determined the real cause of endometriosis, but it may be caused by menstrual blood backflow, which causes endometrial cells to travel from the uterus through the fallopian tubes to the ovaries and pelvic cavity with the backflow of menstrual blood.<\/p>\n
The common symptoms of patients include menstrual pain, low back and pelvic pain during menstruation, etc. However, many women mistakenly think that menstrual discomfort is normal or a phenomenon of "deficiency and weakness".<\/p>\n
In terms of treatment, hormonal drugs, surgery, or a combination of the two are mainly used. Part of the ectopic tissue and chocolate tumor will be removed during the operation, but the entire uterus or ovary may be removed if there have been multiple recurrences.<\/p>\n
Some patients have undergone surgery to remove chocolate tumors many times, which affects the chance of conception, and even failed artificial insemination many times. It can be seen that the later the delay in seeking medical treatment, the greater the problem. Ladies may consider undergoing laparoscopy if in doubt for early diagnosis and treatment.<\/p>\n
Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Dr. Chan Wing Yin<\/p>\n