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Women are generally unaware of breast cancer, and do not seek medical advice until a lump or abnormal appearance appears in the breast, or the early stage of treatment has been missed, and the tumor may have grown in size or may even spread. Through a painless and radiation-free breast ultrasound scan, doctors can distinguish whether breast lumps are solid or cystic, and check their size, nature and characteristics.<\/p>\n
Another routine test is the Pap smear, which is quick and safe for women who have ever had sex. It can detect the early changes of cervical cells, control and treat the cells as soon as possible before they become cancer cells. Pelvic ultrasonography can detect changes in reproductive organs such as the uterus and ovaries, such as uterine fibroids (benign tumors growing on the uterine wall are common in women who have not given birth), ovarian cysts (may cause menstrual disorders, and must be accepted if they are too large) surgery), endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial or ovarian cancer, etc.<\/p>\n
Doctors will also advise women to conduct more detailed examinations according to individual circumstances. For example, X-ray contrast examination is based on the principle of using low-dose X-rays to detect small or early-stage lesions that have not developed into malignant tumors, such as microcalcifications. The current latest technology is 3D mammography. Compared with 2D technology, the accuracy of breast cancer detection is increased by more than 40%, and the pressure on the breast is also lighter, reducing discomfort. Women aged 40 or above are advised to undergo a relevant examination every two years.<\/p>\n
Breast MRI can also be used for breast cancer screening, diagnosing some difficult-to-determined images or clinical abnormalities, as well as detecting occult breast cancer, screening high-risk groups, evaluating the condition, monitoring treatment effects, and diagnosing recurrence. Pelvic MRI can clearly observe the pelvic organs and nearby soft tissues, including bladder, reproductive organs, pelvis, etc. It can be used to judge the tumor location, degree of spread and other causes, and help to diagnose and determine the direction of treatment.<\/p>\n
Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Dr. Chan Wing Yin<\/p>\n