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During the ovulation cycle in a normal ovary, the follicle will gradually grow larger until it grows to about 18 to 20 mm, and then a mature egg will be released. However, patients with polycystic ovaries cannot ovulate smoothly because there are many follicles on the surface of their ovaries, and the number can reach 10 or more per ovary. They function differently from normal follicles and are not excreted from the body, but only in the body.<\/p>\n
At present, the medical community still does not have a comprehensive understanding of polycystic ovary disease, but it has been found that there is a family inheritance, and it is also found that the cells of related patients will resist insulin, which is similar to the situation of diabetes, and most patients will use hormones to treat menstrual disorders. It is worth mentioning that some patients are obese. If the weight can be controlled, it will also help the ovaries to return to normal ovulation.<\/p>\n
Various female reproductive organs, including the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and surrounding tissues, are infected and cause inflammation, which can be called pelvic inflammatory disease; long-term inflammation will cause adhesions in the tissues in the pelvic cavity, block the fallopian tubes, lead to infertility or ectopic pregnancy. Symptoms include vaginal odor and unusual discharge, bleeding, menstrual irregularities, a sinking sensation in the lower abdomen, abdominal pain or back pain, painful urination, etc.<\/p>\n
To confirm the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease, the doctor must take the patient's vaginal secretions for testing and use ultrasound to check whether there is an abscess in the pelvic cavity; in order to control the condition as soon as possible, antibiotics may be prescribed at the same time. For those with milder conditions, the symptoms will gradually disappear after two or three days of medication, but the entire course of treatment must still be completed to avoid the risk of bacterial resistance.<\/p>\n
Prolactin is a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland. Excessive hormones can lead to anovulation in the ovaries, milky secretions from the nipples, and may also affect vision and narrow the field of vision. If a woman has not conceived for a long time and the doctor suspects that she has high prolactin, she should conduct a blood test to confirm the diagnosis. Patients can generally suppress prolactin with long-term medication, or undergo surgery to remove the tiny tumors of the pituitary gland.<\/p>\n
In addition to the above reasons, some women with congenital uterine abnormalities or large uterine fibroids may find it difficult to conceive. Women who have undergone induced abortion or ectopic pregnancy may also be infertile due to tubal occlusion.<\/p>\n
Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Dr. Chan Wing Yin<\/p>\n