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The thyroid gland belongs to the endocrine system of the human body. It is shaped like a butterfly with outstretched wings. It is located in the lower half of the neck and is in charge of metabolism. Hyperthyroidism is the abbreviation of hyperthyroidism, that is, excessive secretion of the thyroid gland and accelerated metabolism, so the patient will have a large appetite, but lose weight due to excessive consumption, and will also be accompanied by hyperactivity, anxiety, insomnia, and rapid heartbeat, hand tremors, Afraid of heat, easy to sweat, etc. Hyperthyroidism can also cause appearance changes, such as thyroid swelling, which is commonly known as a large cervical vesicle. If the trachea and esophagus are excessively compressed, it will cause difficulty in breathing and swallowing; if the eye tissue becomes swollen, the eyeball will become protruding, causing the cornea to bulge. Prone to damage, more likely to cause blurred vision, double vision.<\/p>\n
Hyperthyroidism is mostly caused by immune system diseases, the most common being Grave's Disease, which mostly occurs in women in their 20s to 40s. Genetic factors are a major cause, and mental stress may also be the cause of thyroid disorders. If the level of thyroxine is maintained at a high level without proper treatment, the consequences can be large or small, including accelerated calcium loss and early osteoporosis; excessive metabolism will also increase the load on the heart, which can induce arrhythmia and heart failure in severe cases .<\/p>\n
Once the above symptoms appear, you should seek medical advice as soon as possible. The doctor will first conduct a detailed clinical examination for the patient, including paying attention to the condition of the eyeball and neck mass. The next step will be to draw blood to test thyroid function, and for neck lumps, neck ultrasound scans; if in doubt, acupuncture cytology will be arranged to distinguish whether the lump is a benign nodule or a malignant tumor.<\/p>\n
Hyperthyroidism is usually treated with antithyroid drugs first, and the course of treatment takes 18 to 24 months, during which period blood tests are required. However, the disease may recur. If the disease still recurs after one or two courses of drug treatment, you can choose to take radioactive iodine or consider removing the thyroid gland. Depending on the extent of thyroidectomy, patients may need to take thyroxine and calcium supplements for a long time after surgery.<\/p>\n
Dr. Yongbai Su, Fellow of the Royal College of General Practitioners<\/p>\n