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There are many causes of abdominal distension. In addition to common gastrointestinal problems, benign tumors in women are also one of the causes. A 30-year-old girl once sought medical advice due to frequent urination and irregular menstrual periods, plus a bulging abdomen and mistakenly thought she was pregnant. After a doctor's examination, she found out that she had uterine fibroids (also known as fibroids). Fortunately, most uterine fibroids are benign. If the fibroids are small in size and have no obvious symptoms, treatment is generally not necessary. When the size of the fibroids increases and other organs are compressed, and symptoms such as heavy menstrual flow appear, it is necessary to remove the fibroids.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Another cause may be ovarian cysts, which are benign tumors that tend to occur in women of childbearing age. Because the location of the ovaries is hidden and the early symptoms are mild, patients may not feel uncomfortable at first, and some people will have unexplained lower abdominal pain and difficulty urinating. When the symptoms become more serious, the cyst cannot subside or the diameter is larger than 5 cm, it may burst or reverse causing severe pain and internal bleeding, or cause ovarian infection or even necrosis. Doctors generally recommend that patients undergo laparoscopic surgery to remove the cyst to reduce risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
However, ovarian cysts may be malignant. Therefore, doctors not only use ultrasound scans to check the location and volume of the cysts, but also draw blood to check whether the ovarian cancer index has increased, or remove the mass tissue for laboratory tests if necessary. In particular, the initial symptoms of ovarian cancer are not obvious, or may be easily confused with gastrointestinal diseases; when most patients' symptoms worsen, the cancer cells have spread to other organs, delaying the timing of treatment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Malignant uterine leiomyosarcoma (leiomyosarcoma), which is also a "stealth killer", can also cause abdominal distension. The disease is difficult to detect in the early stage. As the tumor grows rapidly, the patient begins to feel abdominal distension and discomfort, accompanied by symptoms of abnormal vaginal bleeding. At present, the medical cause is unknown. If the tumor has not spread, it is usually surgically removed first, and cancer treatment is supplemented to reduce the risk of recurrence. In fact, the malignant cause of abdominal distension is not inevitable, and it is recommended to include pelvic ultrasonography in regular gynecological examination. In addition, women should be more careful if they have obvious abdominal distension without gaining weight.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist Dr. Chan Wing Yin<\/p>\n\n\n\n