{"id":14658,"date":"2025-12-04T10:10:40","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T02:10:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.premierclinic.hk\/?p=14658"},"modified":"2025-12-04T10:10:40","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T02:10:40","slug":"%e8%9a%8a%e6%82%a3%e4%be%86%e8%a5%b2%ef%bc%81%e7%94%b1%e5%9f%ba%e5%ad%94%e8%82%af%e9%9b%85%e7%86%b1%e5%88%b0%e7%99%bb%e9%9d%a9%e7%86%b1%ef%bc%8c%e6%9c%ac%e6%b8%af%e5%b8%b8%e8%a6%8b4%e5%a4%a7%e8%9a%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.premierclinic.hk\/en\/news\/%e8%9a%8a%e6%82%a3%e4%be%86%e8%a5%b2%ef%bc%81%e7%94%b1%e5%9f%ba%e5%ad%94%e8%82%af%e9%9b%85%e7%86%b1%e5%88%b0%e7%99%bb%e9%9d%a9%e7%86%b1%ef%bc%8c%e6%9c%ac%e6%b8%af%e5%b8%b8%e8%a6%8b4%e5%a4%a7%e8%9a%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"Mosquito Infestation! From Chikungunya to Dengue Fever: Symptoms and Prevention of 4 Common Mosquito-borne Diseases in Hong Kong (healthyD.com)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As the weather gradually cools, many people are taking advantage of the crisp autumn air to go hiking. However, daytime temperatures remain high, and damp or stagnant environments, such as grassy areas, are breeding grounds for mosquitoes. With several cases of mosquito-borne Chikungunya fever reported locally, mosquito prevention measures should not be relaxed for outdoor activities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chikungunya heat transmission pathway<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Previously, chikungunya cases were mainly imported from other regions. According to the Centre for Health Protection of the Department of Health, this disease is caused by the chikungunya virus and is transmitted to humans through the bite of female Aedes mosquitoes carrying the chikungunya virus. After biting an infected patient, the mosquito may ingest the virus, and if it bites others, it can spread the virus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Headache and muscle pain are common symptoms<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The incubation period for chikungunya is 2-12 days. After infection, patients experience fever, severe joint pain, muscle aches, headache, nausea, fatigue, and a rash. Symptoms generally last for several days, but in some patients, joint pain may persist for months or even years. Most patients recover completely, but occasionally serious complications involving the eyes, heart, and nervous system occur. The elderly, young children (especially infants under one year old), pregnant women, and those with chronic illnesses require extra caution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Currently, the treatment for chikungunya fever mainly focuses on symptom relief, as there are no specific antiviral drugs available. Furthermore, there are no registered preventative vaccines in Hong Kong. Therefore, mosquito prevention and control measures are extremely important.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Other common mosquito-borne diseases in Hong Kong<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Besides chikungunya, Hong Kong also faces several other mosquito-borne diseases with varying symptoms, and the public needs to be vigilant in these cases as well.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dengue fever<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dengue fever is arguably the most common mosquito-borne disease in Hong Kong, and like chikungunya, it is transmitted by the Aedes albopictus mosquito. This means that environments capable of transmitting chikungunya also pose a risk of transmitting dengue fever. Main symptoms include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sudden high fever, with body temperature reaching as high as 40 degrees Celsius.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Severe headache, especially pain behind the eye sockets.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Intense muscle and joint pain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nausea and vomiting<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Swollen lymph nodes<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rash<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Patients newly infected with dengue fever may not have obvious symptoms, or may only have mild symptoms such as fever and rash. After recovery, they will develop immunity to the same serotype of dengue virus. However, if a patient is infected with a different serotype of dengue virus in the future, it may develop into a fatal severe dengue fever (also known as dengue hemorrhagic fever), with symptoms such as persistent high fever, severe abdominal pain and vomiting, requiring immediate medical attention.<br><br>There is currently no treatment for dengue fever or severe dengue fever. Treatment mainly focuses on relieving symptoms and discomfort. Patients usually recover on their own after about a week. Avoiding mosquito bites and preventing mosquito breeding are the most effective ways to prevent dengue fever.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Japanese encephalitis<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Japanese encephalitis is transmitted through the bite of Culex mosquitoes (which mainly breed in rural areas, near pigsties or waterfowl habitats). Although there are few cases in Hong Kong, the consequences can be very serious.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most infected individuals experience only mild symptoms (such as fever and headache) or even no noticeable symptoms. In severe cases, symptoms may appear shortly after onset, including the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>High fever, stiff neck.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Severe headache and loss of consciousness.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Seizures (common in children), spastic paralysis, coma.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Approximately 20% of critically ill patients who recover will suffer from permanent neurological sequelae, such as intellectual impairment, recurrent seizures, and paralysis.<br><br>Since there is no specific treatment for Japanese encephalitis, vaccination is currently the safest and most effective method of prevention, especially for tourists who plan to travel to areas where Japanese encephalitis is prevalent (such as local suburbs) and stay for a month or more. For short-term trips of less than a month, if the plan is to go to the suburbs during the disease season and spend most of the time outdoors or at night, vaccination is also recommended.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zika virus infection<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zika virus is also primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, the same mosquitoes that cause dengue and chikungunya. Besides mosquito bites, Zika virus can also be transmitted from mother to child, through sexual contact, and through blood transfusions, which is significantly different from other mosquito-borne diseases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Most people infected with the virus experience mild or no symptoms, making it difficult to detect. If symptoms do occur, they usually appear 3 to 14 days after the bite, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Fever (usually a low-grade fever)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>rash<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conjunctivitis (pink eye)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Muscle and joint pain<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fatigue and headache<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">If a pregnant woman is infected with the Zika virus during pregnancy, it can lead to complications such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and premature birth; newborns may also develop microcephaly and other congenital defects.<br><br>Currently, there are no specific antiviral drugs or vaccines available for the treatment and prevention of Zika virus infection. Therefore, the best way to prevent infection is to avoid mosquito bites and prevent mosquito breeding. Pregnant women, women planning to become pregnant, and young children should pay special attention to mosquito prevention.<br><br>Since sexual contact is one of the transmission routes, men should practice safe sex or avoid sexual contact for at least 3 months and women for at least 2 months during their travel to areas with active transmission and after returning to Hong Kong (Zika virus can survive longer in men).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mosquito control and disease prevention are the best strategies.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Although the symptoms and severity of the above diseases vary, the key to their prevention is the same: controlling mosquito breeding and avoiding mosquito bites. The following methods can be used as a reference:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>When traveling or engaging in outdoor activities, wear loose-fitting, light-colored long-sleeved clothing and apply mosquito repellent containing DEET to exposed skin.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clean up any areas in your home that may accumulate water.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cover water storage container<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Change the water in vases and hydroponic plants regularly.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ensure channels and drainage ditches are unobstructed to prevent water accumulation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.premierclinic.hk\/en\/doctors\/dr-yuen-ching-yi-jenny\/\">General Practitioner Dr Yuen Ching Yee<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Originally published:<\/strong><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthyd.com\/articles\/expert-blog\/%e8%9a%8a%e5%82%b3%e7%97%85-%e5%9f%ba%e5%ad%94%e8%82%af%e9%9b%85%e7%86%b1-%e7%99%bb%e9%9d%a9%e7%86%b1-%e5%af%a8%e5%8d%a1%e7%97%85%e6%af%92-%e8%a2%81%e9%9d%9c%e6%80%a1%e9%86%ab%e7%94%9f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.healthyd.com\/articles\/expert-blog\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As the weather cools, many people are taking advantage of the crisp autumn air for hiking. However, daytime temperatures remain high, and damp or stagnant environments, such as grassy areas, are breeding grounds for mosquitoes. Locally, there have been consecutive...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14659,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[107],"tags":[327,328,329,330],"doctors":[166],"media-members":[200],"class_list":["post-14658","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-327","tag-328","tag-329","tag-330","doctors-dr-yuen-ching-yi-jenny","media-members-healthyd"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ 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